Political economy of environmental decision making case of hydro power in Karnataka

Abstract

Wise countries have long since recognized the importance of hydro power. North America has exploited 83% of its potential of 184 GW# and West Europe has exploited 98% of its potential of 118 GW. This is in contrast to 14% exploitation of 663 GW by Eastern Europe, 36% exploitation of 513 GW by Asia and 8% exploitation of 225 GW by Africa. The nexus between economic development and hydro power development is evident. Yet there has been a reversal in the emphasis towards hydro development in India in the last few years and Karnataka has been particularly slow in exploiting its hydro potential. It has exploited only 2515 MW out of 8679 MW# i.e. a mere 29% of the total potential. Here, it is attempted to show how vested interests have joined hands with environmental activists in putting a brake to hydro power development in Karnataka.